Thanksgiving Timeline

1939

'Franksgiving'

President Franklin Roosevelt, in an effort to jolt the nation out of the Great Depression, moved the holiday (potentially) up a week — to the fourth Thursday in November. Thus the holiday can fall as early as November 22 — guaranteeing merchants as much as a week of extra shopping time before Christmas.

1863

Wartime celebration

President Lincoln, during the Civil War, urges Americans to ask God to “commend to “heal the wounds of the nation.” He schedules Thanksgiving for the final Thursday in November. Magazine editor Sarah Josepha Hale, known as “the Mother of Thanksgiving,” had encouraged politicians to do this since 1827.

1789

A revolutionary idea

President Washington issues the U.S. government’s first Thanksgiving proclamation — calling on Americans to express gratitude for the new nation and the Constitution.

1621

Pilgrim feast

Plymouth colonists and Native Americans from the Wampanoag tribe share an autumn harvest feast. It’s one of the first Thanksgiving celebrations in the colonies — and the one most Americans (especially kids) look to as the beginning of the modern tradition.

1565

America’s (other) first Thanksgiving

Religious scholars argue that Catholic Spanish explorers held a “Mass of Thanksgiving,” in Saint Augustine, Florida — the oldest settlement in the U.S. This would be the first communal thanksgiving celebration in the first permanently settled European colony on American soil.